1. Who are the retailers with obligations in SGR?

According to the legal definition, retailers are economic operators authorized to carry out the commercialization of products in SGR packaging to consumers or end users, including activities in the hotel industry, food services, units organizing events, preparing and serving food and beverages. Thus, the retailer is the middle link in this recycling chain, between the producer and the end consumer.

Cyber-attacks have been increasing and are being used as a war weapon nowadays, and companies are often the victims and need to know how to protect themselves, part of the minimum security measures being legal and compliance.

In the context of technological and digitalisation, but also of geopolitical conflicts in recent years, threats to cyber security are much intensified, and the greatest danger in the business environment is for companies that carry out targeted activities such as: the banking system, the government system, the telecommunications system and companies that hold a large amount of citizens' data.

GDPR and Cyber Security - A successful duo for Personal Data Protection

European Cyber Security Month (ECSM) is marked in October and is coordinated by the European Union's Cyber Security Agency (ENISA) and the European Commission since 2011. ECSM is a campaign to raise awareness among citizens about cyber risks in their daily online activities

The seller is obliged to deliver to the consumer products which meet the subjective and objective conformity requirements and is liable to the consumer for any non-conformity which exists at the time of delivery of the goods. The legal guarantee of conformity arises by law and is granted to the consumer for a period of 2 years from the time of delivery of the goods.

Non-conformity entitles the consumer to have the goods brought into conformity, to benefit from a proportionate reduction in the price or to have the contract terminated under the conditions laid down by law.

A legal perspective on the debates regarding ChatGPT

Numerous technology leaders and government officials worldwide have expressed concerns recently regarding the development of artificial intelligence platforms, specifically ChatGPT. These concerns should also be debated in Romania, and lawyers should be involved in these discussions considering the nature of their profession. The new technology has effects on companies and people's lives, according to Ioana Chiper Zah, an Attorney Associate at Hațegan Attorneys. Even Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, has said that thoughts about artificial intelligence disturb his sleep. "What keeps me up at night is the hypothetical idea that we have already done something very bad by releasing ChatGPT," Altman told Satyan Gajwani, Vice President of Times Internet, at an event organized by Economic Times on June 8. When asked if AI should be regulated similarly to atomic energy, Altman said that there should be a better system for verifying the process.

Attorney Ioana Chiper Zah believes that the use of AI technologies in professional or commercial activities has significant legal implications, such as data protection, legal liability, and adherence to ethical standards. These implications should be further discussed in Romania by IT and advanced technology specialists, as well as by the community, authorities, business environment, lawyers, and consultants. Currently, states and private companies adopt different approaches to these issues based on their guiding principles and values.